Family Values and Structures in the Middle East Essay

Family Values and Structures in the Middle East At the end of our program, classes are ending, and events are winding down, but emotions remain powerful. We will all face reentry, and deal with it in different ways, and Im sure that all of us are thinking about what this means personally. I do not know what the first thing is that may come to your mind when you think of home. Maybe you are scared that your little sibling took over while you were gone, and you will have to resolve this in a civil manner. Or, it could be that you are really looking forward to the mashed potatoes that mom is going to make, just the right way. In our circumstance, however, it is likely that you just cant wait to get home and wash your clothes†¦show more content†¦The family is what engulfs and reflects these aspects of a society. It is affected by the political beliefs of a country, and it also reflects the social and economic standpoints in a society, most specifically womens status. As we recently learned from Dr. Carmocolias, kinship, or t he family, is one of the two oldest and most important institutions in the world (religion is the other), and I find it quite interesting, because I found the most significant correlation between the two. Two main aspects that I found most influential on the family were religion, and foreign influence, and I will now summarize my findings in Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, and Greece. Turkey is a prime example of the division between urban and rural family life. This is a country that was greatly impacted by its rich history. The influx of Europeans, due to the commercial treaty of 1839, marked a period of rapid urbanization that changed family structures and brought opportunity for women in the workforce (Duben, 7). One point I concluded here was that the change in household structure mirrored the change in family structure. The European value of independence was adopted by urban upper-class families, and this later showed in the architecture of the homes (Duben, 201). Family life in rural Turkey is still traditional, and maintains, for the most part, the patriarchal system. I interviewedShow MoreRelatedEssay on Mtv Arabia1329 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican and Australia. MTV is one of the most successful channels to expand globally and remain true to their brand image. One of the main reasons why they become very successful with the expansion was that the channel adopted a decentralized structure and gave commercial and creative autonomy to their local employees. They are aware of the cultural differences in each region in the globe, they intelligently used their local staff to break the cultural boundary and present MTV to the people. OneRead MoreMtv s Global Management Team Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagessupply media to the world’s youth had no limitation. In 2007, MTVN planned to enter the Middle East after several years of planning. MTV entry faced many difficulties in order to enter the Middle Eastern media market successfully. MTV Management team’s focused on identifying the internal strengths, internal weaknesses, opportunities, a nd threats to construct a corporate level strategy to enter into the Middle East market. By understanding these components, it is possible to compare MTV’s SWOT analysisRead MoreGlobalization And The Middle East998 Words   |  4 Pagescircles. Through reading the case: â€Å"Globalization and the Middle East† in John S. Hill’s book, International Business: Managing globalization, PP.124 to 132. Have had a further understanding of the political and religious culture of the Middle East countries, and have had a research for the following questions also written down my own opinions. Q1: What are the major contrasts between the political and cultural institutions of the Middle East and those of the Western world? Which do you think is theRead MoreMtv Networks And The Middle East1648 Words   |  7 Pagesin the Middle East, making it one of the biggest launches in channel history. While the market in the Middle East offered MTV with lucrative business opportunities, the networks controversial content could potentially backfire in the conservative environment prevalent in the region. On the other hand, too much localization to suit the tastes of the region could dilute MTV’s global brand. This paper will discuss MTVN’s challenges, strategy and effectiveness in expanding in the Middle East. IntroductionRead MoreMtv Networks: the Arabian Challenge1338 Words   |  6 Pagesthink over reacting nega- tively to controversial content. For example, within the Arab’s there are three types of religions, Judaism, Islam and Christianity; so these make some things acceptable in some countries and in others not. Furthermore the Middle East offered a huge population of youth with a rich and diverse culture. And exactly these young people can be seen as the target group of MTV. But you also have to be aware in which parts of the Arabian world you are, because religion, for example,Read MoreThe First Immigrant Generation Of The Middle East And Theu.s. Western World Essay1415 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst immigrant generation in my family, who recently moved from the Middle East, Jordan. I moved to the U.S two years ago; however, this is not my desire or will. In reality, people fight and do whatever it needs to get to the U.S, but I am not one of them, and I will never be one of them. I was forced to come here by my parents even when they knew that coming here is not my wish. In the last couple decades, many crisis had flared up between the Middle East and the U.S (Western World). TheseRead MoreEthnocentrism in America1186 Words   |  5 Pageshistory with countries in the Middle East. Issues ranging from energy and oil to a campaign against terrorism have created strained relationships between the United States and countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan. As a result, it is nearly impossible to watch an evening news program on American television that does not contain a story related to current events in the Middle East. Similarly, the leaders of American government have incorporated resolutions regarding Middle Eastern situations into theirRead MoreCharismatic Leadership : A Charismatic Leader1603 Words   |  7 Pagesemotional bond to the leader, as these leaders have established a close family bond with his employees. As a result, these charismatic followers: 1. Respect and like their leader 2. Are strongly devoted to him/her 3. Have a strong sense of loyalty 4. Admire their leader Additionally, these followers identify with the leader, emulating his or her behaviors and mannerisms, which help them to internalize their leader’s values and aspirations (Nahavandi, 2015). Furthermore, these followersRead MoreEmirates Airlines Project1507 Words   |  7 PagesACCOUNTS 11 ADMINISTRATION 11 CONCLUSION 12 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dubai  based  Emirate airlines, is among the most successful airlines in the world. This is the largest airline from the  Middle East  that had played a vital role in shaping up the Emirate state from a, oil rich Emirate to a global tourism destination. After UAE independence in 1974, Dubai along with other Emirates were served by  Gulf Air. In 1985 when Gulf Air reduced itsRead MoreGreat Gatsby Character Analysis: Nick Carraway Essay783 Words   |  4 PagesWest meets East... and Doesn’t Like it. The novel The Great Gatsby is an interesting tale of two cities really. Nick Carraway; the narrator, represents all that is good an wholesome in the great midwest. He is a well-educated man who aspires to be a bond broker. His character is conflicted internally and externally throughout the novel but really culminates into a loathing for all things eastern. Carraway’s farmboy charm and doe-eyed innocence is put to the test when he meets The Great Jay

Case Study Seagrams Beverage Company - 1194 Words

Definition of Project: After careful analysis of the current situation at Seagram’s beverage company, I believe that I have found 2 areas of improvement that will greatly assist going forward in the implementation of future changes within the company. While, I greatly respect the efforts to instill corporate values company wide, a values statement without any planned implementation techniques, is not enough to change the culture, inspire, or motivate employees to change their performance or perception of the company. Scripture explains this very simply. James 2:17-18 tell us. â€Å"In the same way, faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead. But someone will say, â€Å"You have faith; I have deeds.† Show me your faith without†¦show more content†¦Diagnosis of the Current Situation: With Seagram’s 3 major entities: Seagram’s, Dole, and MCA, the possibilities for expansion and growth are endless. As each company has been successful previously, eac h will need to retain a sense of it’s identity independently, in order for their profitbability to increase together. Thing of this in terms of any sports team. While ultimately it is teamwork that creates success, and versatility is coveted in players, ultimately each position has a specific assignment and must be performed. Even if one perceivably carries more of the weight than the others, they are still integral for success. However, as a business the most integral part for success is the individual employees, as nothing can be accomplished or completed without those who actually perform the work. Your values statement serves more as a mandate than a motivational tool. Having spent almost a years time, engging in numerous focus groups, retreats, reviews, and drafts, the statement tells employees what they are to value, and not they they themselves are actually valued. The statement is over 150 words in length, has 7 core values, and your employees are not mentioned. While the intention may be that the term customer or consumer is meant to represent the employee, to a new hire, an outsider, or someone

Acupuncture for Chronic Low Back Pain †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Acupuncture for Chronic Low Back Pain. Answer: Acupuncture for Chronic Low Back Pain Recently, I have been having many patients suffering from chronic low back pain and some of them have not showed any improvement with the usual therapies. To this end, I want to find the best available evidence that will satisfactorily answer my evidence question: Is acupuncture a more effective intervention method than the usual therapies used to treat chronic low back pain? This evidence question is important because despite the fact that my patients undergo spinal manipulation therapy and structured exercises as intervention methods, there are no significant improvements in them. Chronic low back pain is a long-term condition characterized by lower back pain that goes on for more than three months, this lowers an individuals quality of life as it prevents them from executing their daily tasks especially those that involve a lot of bending. The condition affects 8 out of 10 people in their lifetime. This means that, the condition is a worldwide disease burden that causes global disability and adverse socioeconomic effects especially among the aged population (Vickers Linde, 2014).Some of the intervention methods used such as spinal manipulative therapy that includes massage, physical therapy and exercise only provide mild to moderate pain relief (May,2013). A meta-analysis conducted in 2013 revealed that the pain-relieving effects of spinal manipulation were minimal for people with chronic low back pain. Additionally, results from a 2011 randomized clinical trial showed that massage therapy has short-term benefits for the treatment of this condition and it on ly relieves pain for a short while (Kamper, Apeldoorn, Chiarotto, Smeets, Ostelo, Guzman Tulder, 2014). Acupuncture has widely gained popularity as an alternative therapy for the treatment of chronic low back pain. This intervention method unblocks and conducts the bodys energy through the main functional systems of the body (Xu, Yan, Yin, Gao, Han Lei, 2013). In most cases, acupuncture is usually a last resort to treat chronic low back pain and patients are often surprised at its effectiveness. Patients who do not get significant relief from the use of traditional treatment get promising findings from the use of acupuncture (Taylor, Pezzullo, Grant Bensoussan, 2014). Evidence has pointed towards acupuncture as a cost-effective and safe intervention method. According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), findings from several studies have shown that acupuncture may help in relieving chronic low back pain (Vollestad, 2014). Previous studies have found that clients who use acupuncture have notable differences in the severity of lower back pain experie nced as compared to those who do not (Lam, Galvin Curry, 2013). In summary, low back pain is prevalent especially among the elderly. Interventions like acupuncture aim to provide patient who suffer from this condition with some form of relief. Although acupuncture is effective, it is important to determine whether it is a holistic treatment or whether it needs to be used alongside other treatment methods. An evidence search is also required to determine whether acupuncture is a more effective intervention method than the other conventional therapies. References Kamper, S. J., Apeldoorn, A. T., Chiarotto, A., Smeets, R. J., Ostelo, R. W., Guzman, J., Tulder, M. W. (2014). Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for chronic low back pain. The Cochrane Library. Lam, M., Galvin, R., Curry, P. (2013). Effectiveness of acupuncture for nonspecific chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine 38(24), 2124-2138. May, S. (2013). Chronic low back pain. In Handbook of pain and palliative care (pp. 231-245). Springer New York. Taylor, P., Pezzullo, L., Grant, S. J., Bensoussan, A. (2014). Cost-effectiveness of Acupuncture for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain. Pain practice, 14(7), 588-606. Vickers, A. J., Linde, K. (2014). Acupuncture for chronic low back pain. Jama, 311(9), 955-956. Vollestad, N. (2014). Chronic Low Back Pain. In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (pp. 903-904). Springer Netherlands. Xu, M., Yan, S., Yin, X., Gao, S., Han R., Lei, G. (2013). Acupuncture for chronic low back pain in long-term follow-up: a meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 41(01), 1-19.

Spotlight on Ford Motor Company fostering a Lean Six

Introduction The history of lean manufacturing philosophy and six-sigma production philosophy began in 1980s. During this time, many organizations were focusing specifically on total quality management (TQM) as a strategy for increasing performance. Organizational performance was then measured in terms of outputs and profitability without necessarily focusing on the inputs or processes.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Spotlight on Ford Motor Company fostering a Lean Six-Sigma Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Toyota Company first adopted the lean manufacturing philosophy with the goal of minimizing wastes. On the other end, the Motorola Company focused on costs that were associated with variation of products, thus leading to rejection of many finished products when subjected to quality testing. To resolve these challenges, Motorola incorporated the six-sigma philosophy. The benefits accruing from the two production philosophies were integrated to form the lean six-sigma production philosophy that was adopted by organizations such as Ford, Allied Signal, Honeywell, and GE among others. This paper discusses the case of Ford in an effort to demonstrate how the company fostered the lean six-sigma culture as a tool for improving performance through elimination of costs of variations (six sigma) and wastes (lean manufacturing). Company’s History and Growth Ford Motor Company or simply Ford is an American multinational organization, which was established in 1903. Its main offices are based in Dearborn in Michigan. It manufactures and sells various types of vehicles under the Ford brand name. Luxurious automobiles are sold under the Lincoln brand name. In addition, it owns Troller, FPV, and SUV. The latter is based in Brazil. The company also engages in the production of tractors. It has stakes in various other automobiles that manufacture organizations such as Mazda (Japan), Aston (the UK), and Jianglin (China). In its manufacturing plants, Ford established flow and large-scale systems of manufacturing. It also embraced large-scale techniques of management of workforce through an elaborated sequential manufacturing system that was characterized by mobile assembly lines. By 1914, this approach became a common practice that was adopted by many industries (Karel, Haslam Williams, 2002, p.518). Ford sold Jaguar vehicles, which were acquired in 1999, Land Rovers, which were purchased in 2000, and the Tata Motors of 2008. Ford Motors Company also owned the Volvo between 1999 and 2010.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, amid selling these subsidiaries, the company remains the second largest automobile manufacturing organization in the US and fifth largest across the globe based on the 2010 automobile sales statistics. In Europe, Ford was t he largest automaker in 2009 based on sales revenues (118.3 billion). In 2008, the company had employed 213,000 people across all its 90 manufacturing plants across the globe. Strengths and Weaknesses of Ford Motor Company The company has established a strong position in the automobiles industry in the US. It is the second largest automobile company operating in the US. The US is also the second largest market for automobiles across the globe. In this market, the company has managed to build a good reputation for its products. In fact, the organization has a strong selling position for commercial vehicles, which are also the highly profitable automobiles made by the organization. Ford has successfully been able to implement ECOnetic initiative (Ford Motor Company, 2013). This technology involves the production of engines that are highly fuel-efficient through improvement of the existing ones contrary to the deployment of hybrid engines. This effort has translated to mass production of Ford Fiesta. The car produces the lowest emission among all other mass-produced vehicles in the European market. Compared to Toyota Prius with reference to the initiative, Ford Focus has better consumption rates for fuel. Other strengths of Ford Company are good financial performance, significant growth in other markets such as China, and exploration of only one strategy for success. China is not one of the strongest markets for Ford. However, the organization experienced an amicable growth. In 2012, Ford reported 46 percent growth in the Chinese market (Ford Motor Company, 2013). In terms of financial performance, Ford was the only US biggest automaker that never required government bailing. It was the first one to have its investment status restored. Compared to other automakers operating in the US, Ford has a higher profit margin ratio and higher liquidity share (Ford Motor Company, 2013). Ford deploys one approach to success in the global market. The approach entails the prod uction of product lines that fit various market segments. This move implies that the company stopped the production of customized vehicles since the approach led to a reduction of costs. The company also deploys lean six-sigma production philosophy by focusing on the reduction of variation costs and the costs that are associated with production wastes.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Spotlight on Ford Motor Company fostering a Lean Six-Sigma Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although Ford Motors Company has the above strengths, it also has some weaknesses (Gerry, Kevan Whittington, 2005). One of Ford Motor company’s subtle weaknesses is poor records on environmental protection. Ford faces immense critics from green movements in its dwindled efforts to mitigate environmental pollution that emanates from its plants. It also has the largest cost structure. Through the ‘one approach’ strategy and/or the use of six-sigma approaches to production, the company has been able to reduce its costs tremendously. However, compared to other automobile makers, its cost structure remains high. The company adopts generous pension plans together with compensation programs for its employees to increase its costs structure. Particularly, this step is a major challenge considering that it has a weakness of low profit operation markets in Europe. For instance, the company registered a loss of 1.75 billion US dollars in 2012 (Ford Motor Company, 2013). The company in the region expects more losses until 2015. Problem Definition Ford focused on output management to ensure compliance with total quality. Management of outputs implies the measurement of outputs such as sales and profitability, dominance in markets, and growth as measures of the extent of performance of an organization. In 1990s, this approach failed to deliver substantial results. Ford Motor Company had to think diff erently. There was a huge accumulation of wastes in the form of work in progress, re-works, and scrapped materials. To ensure customer value, Ford considered altering its concerns on performance from basing it on outputs to focus on inputs in late 1990s. The major problem that required solution was wastes reduction. This issue led to the establishment of control systems such as operation control, development of programs for enhancing human resource management, programs for assessing customer satisfaction, reviewing compensation and pension schemes for employees, and even deployment of various problem-solving techniques. These aspects encompassed the lean six-sigma methodology for resolution of the challenges experienced by Ford. The Lean Methodology The lean six-sigma methodology adopted by Ford has five important phases. These phases include define, measure, analyze, improve, and control. The definition phase involves the establishment of opportunities together with significant imp lications of the opportunities in terms of customer services and quality satisfaction.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Any opportunity embraces an activity, which may enhance the performance of Ford. In the second phase, measurement of every activity to determine how well the activity can be optimally executed was done. The analysis phase involves investigation of the opportunities in the effort to determine what can go wrong in the process of opportunity implementation. Where issues of concern were identified in the analysis phase, the next phase, improvement, entailed fixing of the aspects of concern, which may lead to defects and accumulation of wastes such as work in progress, rejection of the already completed products due to variations beyond acceptable quality levels, and even re-working. Control performance was considered an important phase in the bid to stabilize the outputs. After identification of the vital steps in the development of a Lean Six Sigma methodology, the next task involved setting the Lean Six Sigma processes. The company took the model for supplier- consumer relationships a nd broke it down in the effort to define the various opportunities for value creation. The breakdown involved the establishment of various processes through which the products could go through in a Ford manufacturing facility. This way, it became possible to identify the various wastes and track their sources in each process before proceeding to apply the six-sigma formulas for waste reduction. After every process, control was done to mitigate the likelihood for cascading defects. This goal was accomplished by ensuring that all units of work within a process were organized with respect to the anticipated outcomes and goals of each process. Changing people’s work culture to ensure strict compliance with the efforts of reduction of wastes in every process and work unit that people are in charge of was a major obstacle. The overall goal of the Lean Six Sigma methodology was to ensure 99.99% DPMO (defects per million opportunities). The Current State of the Company The current st ate of Ford before the implementation of the lean methodology was essentially based on TQM and the just-in-time (JIT) strategies. No VSM was conducted to identify wastes. The focus was on improving the production process and planning to enhance production of quality products. Ford also paid incredible attention to the control of its processes from a statistical perspective. As part of continuous processes for improvement, emphasis was placed on the job training. Vigorous training and establishment of self-improvement programs were deemed appropriate to enhance employee productivity. All these strategies were considered effective in enhancing organizational transformation. These approaches are ingrained in the perspectives of total quality management. JIT was also an important system for production processes before the adoption of the lean methodology. Under this approach, the focus was on the control of costs as opposed to the reduction of wastes. The Future State Ford Motors Compan y endeavored to improve its business performance by implementing Lean Six Sigma methodology. Some of the desired future states include the streamlined production and manufacturing processes. In this context, Ford wants to reduce and eliminate unnecessary production processes especially the ones, which do not add any value to the final product. The organization also wants to have systems that measure the value of products acquired after going through various process based on the willingness of the customer to pay for such value addition. Fords also desires to create a system that will ensure elimination and minimization of defects and wastes. These accomplishments will translate to an increase in efficiency and quality of products. Lean Culture Strategy Implementation Upon considering the desired Ford’s future state, implementation of Lean Six Sigma culture is the best approach in achieving the goals. The company implemented this culture by integrating both six sigma and lean manufacturing techniques. Statistical control was deployed to ensure that both defects and wastes were minimized. Care was taken to ensure that the methodology deployed in the calculation of variation opportunities was consistent all the time. This step was important upon considering that any failure to ensure consistency would result to inaccurate measures and approaches for comparison of the actual outcomes with the desired outcome (Beinhocker, 2006). Using statistical controls, 1ÏÆ' corresponds to 31.00 percent of the time in which no defects are recorded. 2ÏÆ' matches with 69.2 percent while 3ÏÆ' matches with 93.32 percent. Similarly, 4ÏÆ', 5ÏÆ', and 6ÏÆ' correspond to 99.3790, 99.9770, and to 99.99966 percent respectively in terms of the time in which defects are not produced. Through this approach, the company ensures that in every 10,000 vehicles made, defects and wastes in the form of re-working are only likely for one vehicle. Using the technique, Ford managed to make savings of 1 billion US dollars between 2000 and 2002 (Holden, 2005). In the Ford’s Kentucky plant, Davis Chris deployed statistical control tools for six-sigma to track the sources of variations. He identified the source of vibrations in F-series product line. In the absence of Lean Six Sigma culture, the traditional approach would have called for realigning the suspension systems. However, the challenges could have persisted. Through the success of Davis Chris strategy, Ford accelerated the change process by empowering people through this case example for applicability of Lean Six Sigma in attaining the desired future state of the company. However, in the leaning out process, challenges were experienced. A major challenge was reluctance to alter the culture of constrained dialogue. Additionally, hierarchical structures hindered ardent interaction between various people who were in charge of different processes and work units to enhance efforts for accurate identification o f wastes and analysis of the causes of variations and product defects. Conclusion Through Lean Six Sigma, Ford was able to reduce wastes significantly such as re-works and defects. This strategy led to efficiency improvements, improved quality, and streamlined production processes. Between 2000 and 2002, the organization was able to save 1 billion US dollars through defects and wastes reduction. This outcome made the company focus on building its production culture around Lean Six Sigma production philosophy. To ensure consistency, the company incorporated control structures that ensured that no defect and wastes were produced in one million opportunities or 99.99 percent of the time. This observation implies that Ford Motor Company was able to ensure that only 3.5 vehicles had defects. Reference List Beinhocker, E. (2006). The Origin of Wealth. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Ford Motor Company. (2013). 2012 Annual Report. Retrieved from https://corporate.ford.com/homepage.h tml Gerry, J., Kevan, S., Whittington, R. (2005). Exploring corporate strategy: text and cases. London: Prentice Hall. Holden, L. (2005). Fording the Atlantic: Ford and Fordism in Europe. Business History, 47 (3), 122-127. Karel, W., Haslam, C., Williams, J. (2002). Ford versus ‘Fordism’: The Beginning of Mass Production. Work, Employment and Society, 6(4), 517–555. This case study on Spotlight on Ford Motor Company fostering a Lean Six-Sigma Culture was written and submitted by user Nelson Madden to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Church And State In Italy Religion Essays

Church And State In Italy Religion Essays Church And State In Italy Religion Essay Church And State In Italy Religion Essay In the 1840s, arguments by Vincenzo Gioberti and Luigi Taparelli dAzeglio offered the foundations of the opposite ideological beliefs cardinal to the nature of Italian political relations ( Donovan 99 ) . On the one manus, the liberal-nationalist side combined national sentiment and spiritual ideals by reasoning that Italy s individuality was cardinal to Catholicism ( Donovan 99 ) . On the other manus, it was argued that modern times required the severance of the ties between church and province and stated that Italian national individuality should be distinguishable from its spiritual individuality. In 1929 the Lateran Treaty officially reconciled Italy and the Vatican ; nevertheless, the oncoming of World War II and Benito Mussolini s fascist thoughts repressed Catholic engagement in political and societal facets and this served to further fuel the apostolic belief that the church should keep some authorization in Italian political relations ( Donovan 98 ; Thornton 13 ) . The on-going contention of the Italian state of affairs is a direct consequence of the function of Catholic-inspired political parties and the sensed failing of the province ( Donovan 96 ) . As a consequence, its history has been characterized by periods of ill-defined differentiation between the church and the province. Contemporary Italy contains the Vatican City-a separate state established in 1984 by an understanding between Italy and the Vatican in which Roman Catholicism occupies the very bosom of its authorities ( CIA 110 ) . In fact, the Vatican City s fundamental law is based upon Pope John Paul II s cardinal Torahs, its legal system is based upon the Code of Canon Law, and the executive subdivision is headed by the Pope himself ( CIA 110 ) . It was non until 2002 that the sovereignty of the Italian province was recognized by the Pope ; nevertheless, the deep political division is still apparent ( Thornton 13 ) . During the period 1860-1924 the nature of the church-state relationship was extremely hostile with political relations and military business at odds with Pope Pius IX s beliefs ( Donovan 97 ) . Consequently, progressives regarded the church as a enormously powerful, insurgent administration [ sic ] and this sentiment has continued through today ( Donovan 97 ) . Intensifying the job was the formation of the Italian Popular Party ( PPI ) in 1919 which eventually sent the Vatican the message that an independent, non-religious political party was an existent presence in the state. Nevertheless, during the sixtiess and 1970s the church s engagement and continuity in governmental affairs-even traveling so far as to do voting a moral duty-created and sustained the position that the church maintained a steady clasp on the state ( Donovan 100 ) . In 1984, Italy and the Vatican signed a alteration to the 1929 Lateran Covenant which was enacted in March 1985 and called for the creative activity of a committee charged with modulating spiritual establishments and reexamining fiscal committednesss of the authorities with respect to the church itself ( Giovannelli 529 ) . While the aforesaid original compact resolved the Roman issue by officially acknowledging the Vatican and Roman Catholicism as the state s primary faith, tensenesss remained ( Giovannelli 530 ) . The revised understanding sought to truly decide the job through the constitution of a free church in a free province through the precedent-setting measure that certain understandings must be signed by members of the province and of all spiritual parties, non merely the Roman Catholic Church ( Giovannelli 531 ) . The implicit in principle for this alteration was to cut down the on-going struggle between the church and province that plagued the state for centuries. Throughout the history of Italy, two specific subjects sing the function of the Catholic church have emerged: the failure of consecutive political governments to consolidate themselves, and the relationship between the church, the province and political parties ( Donovan 95 ) . Cardinal to the apprehension of the troubled history is the apprehension of the important function political relations played in determining Italian church-state dealingss ( Donovan 95 ) . It was non until 1995 when an official separation between the church and the province occurred and the averment of neutrality aˆÂ ¦ became unequivocal in this treatment ( Donovan 95 ) . Further, this action is a direct consequence of the important function that political relations played in determining the relationship between faith and authorities as opposed to merely concentrating upon the events happening in Italy s Catholic universe ( Donovan 95 ) . However, despite the church s looking non-participation in aut horities it is most decidedly non impersonal when it comes to Italy s public policy. At any rate, Italy s church-state history has undergone much important alteration over the past several centuries. While the church ab initio lost its power upon the state s initiation, it continued to dispute every signifier of authorities that Italy attempted to ordain. Subsequently, it did go clear that both entities were excessively complicated to retain exclusive control of both facets. Even into the 1990s, the church continued to asseverate its relevancy in Italy s national individuality ; nevertheless, it has supported assorted governmental reform in order to liberate itself from the hard world of modern authorities ( Donovan 111 ) . As a consequence, the relationship between the church and province in Italy has undergone several alterations from insurgent non-engagement aˆÂ ¦ through competitory coaction aˆÂ ¦ to critical alliance aˆÂ ¦ to non-alignment ( Donovan 114 ) . Italy is now more like other European states despite continued influence by the church ( Fisher par. 13 ) . For illustration, despite protestations by the church sing divorce and abortion, both became legal in the 1970s, non to advert the fact that Italy has one of the lowest birth rates in Europe against the church s steadfast instructions against contraceptive method ( Fisher par. 13 ) . Despite Italy s motion into modernness, it has neither forgotten nor ignored its rich heritage in which the church is cardinal. Annotated Bibliography Central intelligence agency: The World Factbook: Holy See ( Vatican City ) . CIA World Fact Book ( 2006 ) : 110. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 11 Jan. 2010. This brief overview of the Vatican published by the CIA serves to exemplify the strength of Roman Catholicism in the part. An account as to how the Vatican City earned its independency every bit good as how Catholicism became Italy s national faith is attributed to a 1984 understanding between the Vatican and Italy itself. Finally, descriptions of the Vatican s authorities and legal authorization service to cement the importance of faith in the country. Donovan, Mark. The Italian State: No Longer Catholic, no longer Christian. West European Politicss 26.1 ( 2003 ) : 95-119. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 11 Jan. 2010. The writer investigates exhaustively the relationship between the church and province in Italy over the past 1,500 old ages by turn toing the historical events and their significance in determining modern-day church-state concern. While this article has a distinctively political angle it does offer important importance to the paper. Giovannelli, Mauro. The 1984 Covenant between the Republic of Italy and the Vatican: A Retrospective Analysis after Fifteen Years. Journal of Church A ; State 42.3 ( 2000 ) : 529-538. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 11 Jan. 2010. This article focuses chiefly on the 1984 amendment to the 1929 Lateran Covenant addressed in the paper and how attempts to incorporate the church and the authorities were made easier as a consequence. Giovannelli s experience as an lawyer in Florence enables him to give a unquestionably clearer attack to the subject. Fisher, Ian. Italy s Church and State: A Mostly Happy Union. The New York Times ( 1 Dec. 2004 ) . Web. 12 Jan. 2010. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nytimes.com/2004/12/01/international/europe/ 01letter.html gt ; . Fisher s article begins with the modern-day position of church-state separation in Italy today which asserts that merely tierce of Italians believe that the church should act upon province Torahs. As a consequence, the writer illustrates the 1,700-year argument addressed in the paper and argues that the ongoing rift between tradition and civilization in the church-state argument is clearly seen today. Thornton, Ryan. Divine Injustice. Harvard International Review 25.3 ( 2003 ) : 12-13. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 11 Jan. 2010. This article addresses the divergency between Catholicism and political relations in Italy today by discoursing differences of sentiment of Catholic Popes over the past 40 old ages, peculiarly in footings of abortion and divorce. Thornton besides gives a brief history as to the development of this rift through the Lateran Treaty and Pope John Paul II s attempts to, more late, reference said rift.

Othello Act 5, Scene 2 - Analaysis

'Othello' Act 5, Scene 2 - Analaysis We continue our Othello Act 5, Scene 2 analysis. You can get more information on the first part of this scene here.   Act 5, Scene 2 (Part 2) Othello explains that Iago told him that she and Cassio were having an affair and that Cassio himself admitted it and had the handkerchief; the token of love he gave to Desdemona passed down from his mother. On hearing this Emilia reacts; â€Å"O God! Heavenly God!† Realising her part in her husband’s plan, Emilia is moved. Iago orders Emilia to hold her peace but she refuses; telling the group that her husband asked her to steal the handkerchief for a reason unknown to her and that she did find it and give it to him. The Death ofEmilia Iago accuses her of lying and draws his sword on his wife. She says; â€Å"What should such a fool Do with so good a wife?† Othello runs at Iago calling him a villain. Montano disarms Othello and Iago wounds his wife. Emilia asks to be laid next to Desdemona to die. Iago exits. Montano goes after Iago and orders the others to guard Othello and not let him escape. Before she dies Emilia says; â€Å"Moor, she was chaste. She loved thee cruel Moor. So come my soul to speak true. So, speaking as I think alas, I die.† Othello is now consumed with guilt he finds a weapon hidden in his room but tells Graziano to approach him but not to fear him. He intends to use the weapon on himself. He looks at Desdemona’s cold body and curses himself. Othello wounds Iago Lodovico enters with Iago, Montano and Cassio in a chair. Othello stands forward as Iago is brought to face him. Othello wounds Iago. Lodovico orders the attendants to disarm Othello. Othello is unrepentant about hurting Iago, Lodovico reminds him that he was a respected soldier and Othello says that he acted in honour rather than in hate. He admits to consenting to Cassio’s death. Cassio says that he did Othello no wrong and Othello apologises to him. Lodovico says that two letters were found in Roderigo’s pocket, one says that Roderigo was ordered to kill Cassio and the other is written by Roderigo to Iago complaining about his evil plan. He says that he was going to expose the villain but Iago killed him off. The letter explains how he was ordered to goad Cassio on his watch, which is how the quarrel between Cassio and Othello first began. Lodovico tells Othello that he must return with him to Venice to answer to his crimes. Cassio is instated as ruler of Cyprus. Othellos Death Othello gives a speech to say that he wants to be remembered as a lover who was deceived. He wants to be remembered as someone who had a precious jewel but foolishly threw it away, he uses an analogy of a base character from an Indian tribe who threw away a precious pearl. He uses another reference to race when he says; â€Å".in Aleppo once, Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk beat a Venetian and tradused the state, I took by th’ throat and smote him thus†. He then stabs himself, kisses Desdemona and dies. Lodovico tells Iago to look at the consequences of his actions, he then closes the curtains. Lodovico tells Graziano that any riches in the house are his as he is the next of kin. He tells Cassio that he will leave Iago’s punishment to him and that he will return to Venice with the sad news of what has come to pass; â€Å"Myself will straight abroad and to the state This heavy act with heavy heart relate.† Note:  If you are looking for scene-by-scene analysis of other Othello scenes, simply visit our index  where you can find a full list of all scene by scene guides to  Shakespeares  Othello.

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 8

Research Paper - Essay Example They share a history and tradition with certain faiths, but over time they have evolved, added and mutating rituals and making up new ones along the way (New Advent). Can it be said that the Santeria are one of the world’s more successful syncretic religions? Perhaps, but it depends on the criteria one uses to measure success. For example, there are not many members of Santeria and it is also quite a geographically and racially limited faith (de la Torre, 12). It probably would not appeal to a broad segment of the world’s population. The practitioners of this faith have also not made much of an impact on contemporary life. But before discussing this issue further, some history about Santeria is important. The Santeria developed largely out of a mix of African tribal religions and new world spirituality that meshed together in the plantations of the Caribbean. During the 16th and 17th century many Africans were kidnapped from their homes on the East Coast of Africa and f orcibly transferred to the Caribbean to work on sugarcane plantations as slaves (Eltis, 156-7). Their journey in the Middle Passage was a truly cruel and terrifying one. Although the place they were going to was very religious—mostly Catholic—the people there had no real respect for the Africans’ traditional religions. Many new arrivals to the New World found their religion had been criminalized and that they had to be baptized into a new faith (Eltis, 78). They had the vestiges of their old life stripped from them as they were nothing more than rags. Over time, the old religion and the new religions became one and Santeria was born. Santeria has special gods and special priests and interesting ceremonies that sometimes feature animal sacrifices. Music plays a very important role in the rituals (de la Torre, 121). In these respects it is similar to many of

Security Analysis and Portfolio Management Assignment - 1

Security Analysis and Portfolio Management - Assignment Example 358). For the stock market perspective, the absolute investment returns are gaining more fame lately due to the start of mutual funds aiming at absolute return objectives. In contrast, traditional mutual fund aims at producing smart relative investment returns as compared to the suitable benchmark. Absolute returns facilitate profitability in most periods and acts over an extensive range of market conditions. Beta measure reduces the risks during the determination of return and risk on stocks and portfolios. Use of beta coefficient in stock selection requires comparison with the market. The investor, therefore, construct the portfolio by drawing the relationship between beta coefficient and the prevailing market prices. Betas carry with them high risks, and markets with negative betas may withstand the fluctuations in market prices. Despite betas helping in stock selection, its effectiveness assumes that movement in the market requires careful analysis of positive and negative direct ions. Also, beta approach assumes analysis of historical considerations for future prediction. As a result, when portfolio selection fails in accurate reading of the market movements, the resulting portfolio selection is incorrect. This method requires a high degree of precision. On the other hand, the alpha parameter indicates the return on security at zero market return. Positive alpha indicates bonus return while negative alpha indicates an undesirable penalty to the investor (Carter & Howard 1990, p. 81-85). Absolute return investing pursues the returns independent of the traditional benchmark and is unconstrained. This means that it uses the modern tools like the hedging strategies in reducing the investors’ risk. Absolute return acts as the modern strategy that pursues the target returns with reduced volatility than relative performances. This enhances the diversification of portfolios for all types of investors (Edwards & Alfons 2004, p. 143). Benchmark Indexes Investo rs establish a long term wealth in stocks due to historical tract record of their positive performance. Most traditional mutual funds constrain the manager to invest in domestic markets. However, the absolute return strategies are less constrained. The objective of absolute return removes constraints on managers and allow for the implementation of more strategies to address the market volatility. For instance, the relative performance may allow for investment in all sectors, but have a high likelihood of influence by benchmark index weightings of other sectors. This is because any divergent can result into risk. This compels the traditional funds take on a market exposure. On the other hand, the pursuit of absolute returns reduces the risks by managers when undertaking a full market exposure (Fornell 2006, p. 3). Traditional Benchmarks When compared to relative performances, absolute returns are independent of the traditional benchmarks. The measurement of funds in absolute returns does not involve the market indexes. Rather, their measurement takes place alongside their return goals. This enhances the removal of constraints on investment managers. The absolute return does not involve any incentive of making the funds appear similar to securities index. This provides greater incentive to prevent risk caused by negative returns (Fornell 2006, p. 4). Inflation The absolute return objective focuses on the elementary concerns of an investor to help achieve a

Analyzing Garret Harding’s Article Essay Example for Free

Analyzing Garret Harding’s Article Essay This paper seeks to analyze the article â€Å"The Tragedy of the Commons† by Hardin (1968). The first part summarizes the main thesis by identifying the principle or principles that Hardin used to explain the Tragedy as he defines it. The second part describes how Hardin’s thesis would apply to production of smog pollutants in California. 2. Summary and Application 2. 1. Summary The paper article talks about the tragedy of the commons which has contradicted the â€Å"invisible hand† that was described by Adam Smith that would managed things for people by just allowing man’s selfishness to keep on profiting without realizing that the same could be helping people in the process. The tragedy of the commons is therefore preventing the operation of the market or certain individuals from fully attaining what is good for these individuals because of the inevitable overpopulation. However the author has also acknowledged ways or factors under which the tragedy of commons could be neutralized such the existence of private property in support of that man’s selfishness in accordance with Smith’s theory. He also mentioned other factors that may have either supported to weaken the tragedy of commons. He therefore still sees a solution to the tragedy, which is the relinquishment of freedom to breed by the commons. Such can be done by some intervention of those who have the power like the state. The thesis of the Hardin (1968) further asserts that the problem on overpopulation has no technical solution for there is nothing to maximize. He noted the fact the people are concerned about the problem of overpopulation and that the same people would try the ways to avoid the evils of such situation but without giving up the pleasure that they have now. The author asserted the fact the people would want to make everything possible where plans could be growing or developing any source of food that will solve the problem caused by the overpopulation. Hardin asserted about the absence of technical solution to the problem as in winning the game of tick-tack-toe. He concluded that the simplest summary of the analysis of man’s problem in population is that the commons could justify their existence only under conditions of low-population density. Thus he argued that given the fact the population has increased, these commons have to be abandoned in one aspect. According to Hardin, the first way to abandon them can be done food gathering, enclosing farm land, restricting pastures and in hunting and fishing areas. He also saw the commons as a place for waste disposal that would justify their abandonment. Since the author also values human freedom preservation, it was his position that to preserve and nurture the more important kinds of freedom, the solution is to give up the freedom to breed from these commons as soon as possible. 2. 2 Application to the Production of Smog Pollutants in California This part of the paper will define â€Å"Commons† in the case of the smog pollutants in California as those people that may be part of the creating the problems of smog pollution in California, who may or may not be aware of the solution or cause of the problem. Individuals or non-commons may be those that are not part of the common which could be exemplified by the group described by Hardin which espouses the relinquishment of freedom to breed in order to arrest the tragedy of overpopulation caused and who believes that there are no technical solutions to problem. Since the case of pollution is related to overpopulation which according to Hardin has caused the problem, the non-commons extends their argument in this part that opt to give up still the freedom to breed for commons. This part describes also the problem in terms of the different view from the commons, the non-commons or individual In terms of the commons, the problem of smog Production is a problem that could be technologically solved. Hence these commons would argue for the need for the production of cars that would be equipment of the capability of reduced or smog pollutants (Vannijnatten and Lambright, 2001; Dooley, 2002)). This could be evident in the case of what is being required now of new cars from California. Newer cars starting with 2009 model will be required to have label that contains a level as to tier ranks in terms of environmental impact. The information is designed to provide consumers with the practical information that could contribute to their being responsible decision makers in the use of environment friendly vehicles while satisfying or meeting the needs of these people to move around (Environment News Service, 2009). The label used for environmental performance will include a scale of 1-10 for global warming scores and smog score. The higher score on both scales will show that the car is more environment friendly car. With average normal score of 5 on both scales, the values of the decision makers will also show how they will value the environment will also be reflective of scores recorded (Environment News Service, 2009). Electric cars are noted to earn higher ratings than non-electric cars on both score thereby indicating the role of technology (Environment News Service, 2009). This would provide a strong argument against that of Hardin (1968) that there is no technical solution to the problem. It could be argued that electric cars evolved from gasoline cars and therefore consumers may be deemed to have become more responsible to the environment. In terms of the individual interests, as espoused by Garrett Hardin (1968), the solution is non-technical that one can never minimized or maximized that point where there could acceptable smog pollutant level. From this view, the problem comes from the commons in the case of production of smog pollutants and not from non-commons which do not see themselves as part of the problem. Hardin’s viewed that there are indeed people causing smog pollutants in California which may not be prevented from having better cars due to the bias that there is no technical solution to the problem. The solution could not be found therefore under the principle developed as viewed by commons that more efficient cars could be produced but rather in stopping the freedom to breed commons which will prevent the problem created in the production of smog pollutant in California. Hardin under his own view would rather therefore go for stopping the breeding of the commons who keep on violating the rights of individuals because of the enclosures or certain advantages or favors given to these commons. The solution could include calling for government actions to deny seeming shout for more rights and liberties by the commons. In the article on Tragedy of the commons, Hardin (2008) also attacked the fact that every favor given to the commons is a deprivation of somebody’s personal liberty. He argued that while infringements made in the past could be accepted by him and the believers of his cause, he could only now see the abuse of infringement made because of the cries for rights and freedom are made by commons. He saw the benefits given to the commons are a way of robbing against the non-commons. He further saw only universal ruin if the logic of the commons would continue to be upheld. For this purpose the author saw only the need for true freedom that is based on recognition of necessity. If this principle is applied to the smog pollutants in California, Hardin would see hopeless of having smog free cars and that the cost of regulation for smog free cars could only be caused by the commons. If Hardin’s position is to be sustained, this would amount to prohibiting rather the commons to not having cars any more by government actions since these non-commons would not want to share life with the commons who will eventually cause overpopulation. Hardin (1968) also argued in the article that the most important aspect of necessity is the present need to recognize the necessity of abandoning the commons in breeding. Since he saw the absence of technical solution to the problem the misery of overpopulation would necessarily come along with all related evils. He posited that freedom to breed will bring ruin to all. In effect, Hardin would want to address still the issue of overpopulation since all the issue of pollution according to him is also cause by population. In terms of collective interest, people need to co-exist together whether commons or non-commons because they only live in one land surface the earth which provides life for everybody. The right of co-existence happens because the ethical theory of social justice demands that one must practice what is just and fair to everybody concerned. To have peaceful-coexistence, there must be an intention of each of the commons or the individuals to sacrifice some of their rights for the survival of both. The resulting conflict, if not solved, will put humans into a level of what is contentious as instinctively, the instinct for survival is as old as life itself (Fikes, 2001). Each person whether common or non-common has rights and obligations to discharge if each is to live together harmoniously. While it is true that smog production would be dangerous to the environment and the common may occupy a bigger share in the total number of the population, it could be easily accepted that they could be wipe out on earth so that only the non-common shall live. To determine whether indeed a technical solution is possible, there is a need to understand the nature of smog which is a kind of air pollution caused them the petrochemical reaction of sunlight with volatile organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen when released into the atmosphere. The same is therefore normally observed in automobile operation. To attain smog free objective, California used smog score by ranking each vehicles pollutant’s levels in terms of non-methane organic gases and oxides of nitrogen in relation to other vehicles within the current model year. Within the scale of 1 to 10, the California scale assigns 10 to be the cleanest while the average score 5 (Environment News Service, 2009). This could therefore testify to the creation of technical solutions that would solve the problem of smog production in California. This again will provide strong argument against the position taken by the Hardin (1968) on the absence of technical solution. Another proof of this evolution in technology is in the light of the belief that car model before 2006 would fall below the smog score of one. An action for more stringent standards must be viewed as a way of creating solution that would satisfy the collective interest of both commons and non-commons. The fact of smog inspection involves knowing whether Hydrocarbons, Nitrous Oxides or Carbon Monoxides (SmogTips, Inc, 2009) are present since these chemicals are identified for the production of smog. The fact the human knowledge has identified these chemicals from a long list of other known chemicals must speak further as evidence of technical solution to the problem of pollution. 3. Conclusion This paper concludes that the thesis of Hardin (1968) on lack of technical solution to the problem of smog pollutants in California is not rue. This paper has found moves in California to control the production of smog pollutants. The thesis may have raised some points that consider in effect the tragedy caused by the commons where the author has even attacked the theory of universal human rights. The view of the author is in favor individualist orientation and subscribes to the ideal of selfish genes. However, as society has evolved, the individualists have lived together with the commons for centuries and although the position of Hardin may be logical at some points, this paper takes exception to the assertion that there is no technical solution to problems. There is a solution because humanity is forever looking for ways to solve its problems whether the scientist may come from commons or not. References: Dooley, E. (2002) Fifty Years Later: Clearing the Air over the London Smog; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 110 Environment News Service (2009) New California Cars Display Smog, Global Warming Scores, {www document} URL, http://www. ens-newswire. com/ens/jan2009/2009-01-02-092. asp, Accessed January 29, 2009 Fikes, T. (2001) Evolutionary Psychology as Computational Theory in the Cognitive Sciences; Journal of Psychology and Theology, Vol. 29 Hardin, Garrett (1968) â€Å"The Tragedy of the Commons†, {www document} URL http://www. sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/162/3859/1243, Accessed January 29, 2009 SmogTips, Inc (2009) How to pass the California emissions test. 3-Part Test. , {www document} URL http://www. smogtips. com/passing_inspection. cfm, Accessed January 29, 2009 Vannijnatten and Lambright (2001); North American Smog: Science-Policy Linkages across Multiple Boundaries Canadian-American Public Policy

indian history :: essays research papers

Chapter 6 Indian Removal Policy -- White settlers believed that Indians stood in the way of their progress -- 1820's Isaac McCoy, Baptist minister, believed that Indians would like to live in Kansas present idea to Sec. Of War Calhoun -- William Clark, Superintendent of Indian Affairs negotiated treaties (agreements) with the Kansa and Osage Indians n to insure move of Indians Congress passes the Indian Removal Act of 1830 n promised the land in Oklahoma for â€Å"as long as the grass grows and the rivers run† n which was until 1906 n Trail of tears -- forced marches to insure move of Indians n Five civilized tribes n Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, Cherokee, Seminole n Cherokee adopt republican form of gov’t. John Ross Cherokee leader n Have written language (Sequoya) n Take U.S. to court to keep lands n Cherokee Nation v. Georgia n Chief Justice John Marshall rule in favor of the Indians n President Andrew Jackson â€Å" He’s made his decision, now let’s see him enforce it† n First group of 3000 began in summer of 1838 n 12,000 waited in prison camps and traveled during the winter of 1838-1839 forced there by 7000 U.S. Troops n one third to one fourth died on the trail 3000 to 4000 deaths n Conducted using U.S. Troops n n between 1825 and 1850, 25 tribes of Indians were removed or forced to move by settlers, and cavalry n 70,000 Indians give up their homes Cherokee Indians of Georgia Shawnee and Delaware Indians of Missouri -- Also Ottawa, Sac, Fox, Kickapoo, Miami, New York, and Quapaw -- Indians did not like the climate or environment of Kansas Settlers and Governmental officials cheated the Indians out of blankets, food, clothing, and shelter Resale to whites or pocket money -- Indians fought among themselves and took advantage of each other Missionaries from different tribes tried to "civilize" the Indians -- teach them the white mans way and to abandon their own way of life Osage Mission tried to teach Christianity to the Indians â€Å"Mission Neosho† the first Indian mission in Kansas even before Indian Removal Act 1824 1831 -- Shawnee Baptist Mission was started by Johnston Lykins Jotham Meeker brought the first printing press to Kansas Prints the first book in Kansas Ottawa Indian Laws Ottawa University develop later at mission -- Started Shawnee Sun (Siwinowe Kesibwi) a newspaper -- moved to Ottawa Indians near Franklin County Printing hymnals, scriptures, and newspaper 1832 -- Shawnee Methodist Mission in Wyandotte County (1839) moved to Johnson County Run by Thomas Johnson until it closed in 1862 Johnson County Organized in 1855. County seat, Olathe. Named for Rev. Thomas Johnson, a Methodist minister, who in 1829 established a mission among the Shawnee Indians, about eight miles southwest of Kansas City.

Black Like Me †Book Report Essay

For the book report, I read the book Black Like Me by John Howard Griffin. The story takes place in 1959 and revolves around a white man who decides to go to the Deep South undercover as a black man to try to understand what really goes on there. This man, John Griffin, documented his journey from beginning to end in order to make an effort to end racial segregation. For seven weeks, he lived and experienced the horrors that a black man lived every day during that time. He quickly learned that he no longer had the same privileges as he did as a white man. He could no longer go into any store he wanted and had to walk miles before finding someone who would let him buy a glass of water or to use the bathroom. Reading this book, my eyes were opened to all the disadvantages the black man faced that I always heard about in school, but never really understood. John Griffin moved away from his home and family in Mansfield, Texas to New Orleans, Louisiana to conduct his research. His motivation was for racial justice and for his frustration of not understanding the black experience. At this time, no black man in his right mind would tell a white man how horrible life was for him. Since Griffin was a white man, interviewing blacks would not give him a true picture of their life. He decides to go with the only way he will truly find out what it’s like to be a black in the South; to change the color of his skin. He went through different medical treatments to accomplish this. To change his skin color from white to black, he took pills to darken his skin, and also used skin dyes. He then could easily pass through New Orleans’ streets as a ‘Negro’. He befriended a shoeshine who had been shining his exact same shoes when he was a white man. The shoeshine is delighted with Griffin’s project and opens the life of a black man up to him. The shoeshine taught him how to act, talk, and everything else that he needed to know. Going into this study, Griffin, knew he would run into prejudice, oppression, and many hardships, but he did not truly know how bad it was until now. He was no longer allowed to use any bathroom he pleased. Sometimes he would have to walk all the way across town, even when there was a bathroom right by him, because he could not use a white man’s facilities. Throughout his experience as a black man he deals with insults and struggles on a daily basis. After being in New Orleans for a while, he decides to go to the heart of Mississippi where racial prejudice is even worse for blacks. Griffin notices that the black communities there seemed to have given up hope of ever being equal, and he begins to notice the same look across his own face. The whites were the main contributors to this loss of hope. For example, when he was riding the bus into Mississippi they took a ten minute bathroom break. The bus driver refused to let the black passengers off because he did not want to have to go â€Å"round them up† when they left. After witnessing this sense of defeat in Mississippi and how terrible the whites were, he decides to venture to Montgomery, Alabama where he is shocked at what he finds. In Montgomery, the black community is recharged with determination. They practice passive resistance against the racist laws and rules set against them. They are filled with hope and the words of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.  They are not afraid to go to jail or face the other consequences that may lie ahead. After seeing this, he begins to switch back and forth between being a black man and then a white man the very next day. He visits the very same places as a white man and is treated with the greatest respect, while as a black man he was treated with fear and suspicion. He was able to go into the restaurants where blacks were not even allowed to stop to look at the menu. Switching between black and white opened his eyes to how society treated blacks and whites at the time. One day he was a disgrace and the next he was treated like a king. After this long trip, he decided to let his skin fully return white and go back home. After looking over his information and organizing it he decides it is finally time for the public to know the truth. He then publishes his findings and goes on television for interviews. He is asked to speak on many shows. Many people support him and his findings, but the people in his home town do not offer much support. People in his town begin to turn on him and threaten his life and the lives of his family members. He asks the police to watch his house so his family is not harmed. It gets so bad that they have to leave for a while. When they come back, nothing has changed. Someone in town hangs a dummy of him on Main Street. The dummy is half black and half white and there was a sign on it that read â€Å"John Griffin†. He decided to move his family away once and for all to prevent anyone from getting hurt. This story gave me an inside look of what it was like to be both a black and a white person during 1959 in the south. I was unable to put the book down because I was so intrigued. I have never heard the black person’s view to racial prejudice before. This story took my breath away. My favorite part of this book is when John Griffin (1960) describes how you are treated based on your skin color. I was the same man, whether white or black. Yet when I was white, I received the brotherly-love smiles and the privileges from whites and the hate stares or obsequiousness from the Negroes. And when I was a Negro, the whites judged me fit for the junk heap, while the Negroes treated me with great warmth. (p. 126) I am shocked from what I read in this book. The author was treated completely different as a white man than he was as a black man. When he was a white man, he receives respect and courtesy from the other whites, but suspicion and fear from the blacks. When he was a black man, he receives hatred and hostility from the whites, but warmth and generosity from his fellow blacks. It surprised me that you could sense these distinct feelings toward him while reading. It was almost like I was living it myself. It is crazy how cold-hearted some of the white people acted towards him. Some had sympathy in their eyes, but others were set to make his life horrible. This book just goes to show you how truly bad it was for the blacks during segregation. It is proof of it, and the stories of John Griffin are more realistic than any told or documented before. Black Like Me was not made up to sympathize the blacks or as an overreaction. It’s the truth that Griffin personally witnessed and lived. The whites dehumanized the blacks and treated them like savages. Towards the end of the book he was walking down a highway for miles hoping someone would pick him up. During the day, not a single white person would pick him up. This all changed during the night. That night, he always had a ride. He realized after a while, that the whites only picked him up to hear about the black man’s sex life. This disgusts me. These men were asking him repulsive questions, and if he did not give him a sufficient answer, he would be kicked out of the vehicle. The questions that they were asking him would never be asked to his friends. This part of the book illustrates how the whites did not care for the black man’s pride and instead wanted to dehumanize him. Reading this book, Black Like Me, opened my eyes to the terrors that the black people faced in the South during 1959. I also gain an understanding of how whites were treated in comparison to blacks. John Griffin was very brave for taking on this project and publishing his findings. This must have taken a lot of courage, but his work helped many people. Without this inside look at the treatment of blacks in the South, we might never have known how truly horrible it was. Yes, there are other stories, but this is a full account of one man’s journey in and out of the heart of segregation.

Cyber Crimes Essay

What are cybercrimes and what do they consist of? Cybercrimes are defined as any illegal activity that uses a computer. The justice department goes a little more in depth and describes cybercrimes as using a computer for the storage of evidence. Cybercrimes have increased over time to something more than we could have ever imagined. The internet is went into full affect in the ear of 1990 when the Arpanet officially split into two separate networks to further facilitate usage and prevent military secrets from being found so easily. This is when the basis of cybercrime first began. There are cybercriminals which exist simply because they are drawn to the information that is contained by the World Wide Web. Nowadays, cybercriminals are much harder to track as they have evolved from the basic computer geeks who merely send viruses to another computer in efforts to crash it. They are far more advanced, and seek to steal information for their own personal gain. There are several different types of cyber criminals. They include: Script kiddies; who lack the experience to hack the larger mainframe systems. However, they are capable of doing some type of damage to unsecured systems. These types of criminals are also known as â€Å"hacker wannabes†. Also are scammers who flood one’s email with false advertisement and junk mail. The send catchy subject line for gullible victims and include links in the emails that absorb information from the victims computer. â€Å"Hacker groups usually work anonymously and create tools for hacking. They often hack computers for no criminal reason and are sometimes even hired by companies wanting to test their security† (Batke, 2011). The considered highest risk of all cyber criminals are â€Å"Insiders†. â€Å"They may only be 20% of the threat, but they produce 80% of the damage. They often reside within an organization† (Batke, 2011). The fact that there are cyber criminals establishes a new set of victims which mostly include people that are lonely, gullible, and have low self-esteem. When attacking the lonely, gullible, low self-esteemed individuals, cyber criminals normally seek their prey on social networking sites. Normally, the criminals use false identities to entice the victims. One the victim is deceived, they tend to for a sense of trust and release all sorts of personal information. This is why it is always important to keep personal information completely confidential. If one is dealing with networks that require information such as full names, social security numbers, addresses, banking information or even medical records, he or she should search or specific icons or notices within the website that assures their security. A common tactic that is used by cyber criminals is called â€Å"The New Kid Ruse†. This is when the suspect created fake webpages and uses fake images to give the idea that they are someone else in efforts to divvy up the victims personal information. Once the criminal gets one small piece of information they tend to sink the hook of deception even deeper. These acts get serious. They get so serious that eventually the cybercriminal begins to threaten the victim with exploitation if he or she does not surrender to their demands; saying that the information that has already been retrieved will be set abroad to ruin the victim’s reputations if they do not comply. â€Å"The case of Christopher Patrick Gunn, 31, of Montgomery, Alabama, who was sentenced last month to 35 years in prison for producing child pornography through a massive online sextortion scheme, provides a glimpse of how modern-day confidence men are plying their trade against the most vulnerable and unsuspecting victims† (The FBI, 2013). In this particular case, Gunn lured many minors into performing lewd acts via webcam and email. He had exploited large sums of teenage girls in various states that include Mississippi and Louisiana. He even stretched this heinous activity to some teenagers in Ireland. Cybercrimes include smallest crimes you could think of and the biggest crimes imaginative. Fraud is a cybercrime people use to commit anywhere from insurance scams and identity theft. Identity theft is a crime in which a person collects vital information from someone such as their social security number in order to pretend to be someone that they are obviously not. Just this one type of cybercrime is becoming more of a problem every day. Harassment is an example of cybercrime in which I consider to be bullying. This type of crime is done without much thought or consideration of the next person. Cybercrimes also include but are not limited to cyber stalking, cyber terrorism, drug trafficking, scamming, exchanging files of copyright material, and obscene or offensive content shared over the internet.

Whoosh! How to Stop Deadlines Whizzing Past

Whoosh! How to Stop Deadlines Whizzing Past Whoosh! How to Stop Deadlines Whizzing Past Nobody likes a deadline. If nothing else, it has the word â€Å"dead† in it, which is rarely comforting. More pressingly, trying to work to a deadline can be very stressful. Some people, like author Douglas Adams, cope with this stress by ignoring deadlines entirely: â€Å"I love deadlines. I love the whooshing noise they make as they go by.† Unfortunately, this isn’t an option for your average college student, as missing a deadline will mean losing out on marks. This could, in turn, affect your overall grade, so you need to turn in your assignments on time whenever possible. But how can you make sure you do this? We have a few suggestions†¦ 1. Start Early! This might sound obvious, but the most common mistake people make when working to deadlines is to (wrongly) assume they have more time than they really do. Next thing you know, your works due and you’re forced to rush the writing process. You can avoid this stress (and the poor quality work that usually results) simply by not leaving your paper until the last minute. On which note†¦ 2. Have a Plan To make sure you have enough time to finish your paper, you should formulate a plan before you start writing. This includes the time you’ll need to research your paper, write it up, and make any revisions required before submitting the final version. At the very least, you should try to sketch an outline of your argument so you know what you need to do for each section of your paper, as well as how your argument hangs together as a whole. This will make it much easier to overcome any problems you encounter while working. 3. Break Tasks Down into Manageable Chunks A well-written paper is rarely finished in one session, so if you’re working on a longer essay you might want to work on it in smaller chunks. This will make it seem less daunting, in addition to letting you schedule work more effectively. And as long as you start early enough (see above), even writing a paragraph or two a day should get you over the finish line in time. 4. Prioritize Your Work If you do have a deadline approaching, you need to prioritize. This simply involves knowing which tasks are most important and being willing to set other things aside until they’re done. For example, although you might have been invited to a party on Wednesday night, you should probably prioritize work if you’ve got a deadline on Thursday. Sorry to be a buzzkill about it. 5. Conquer Procrastination The final hurdle every student (and everyone else) must overcome when working to a deadline is the urge to procrastinate. Time management is a big part of this, but it’s also important to create an environment free from distractions and to allow yourself regular breaks to avoid fatigue.

Empowering The Leadership Of Women In Marketing With Jodi Duncan

Empowering The Leadership Of Women In Marketing With Jodi Duncan Which mentors and managers helped shape and influence you the most through the years? Who made you a better person and marketing professional? Are most of them smart, talented women? According to the Association of National Advertisers, 67% of the marketing industry is female. Today, my guest is Jodi Duncan, president of Flint Group. We discuss the current climate and ecosystem for women in marketing and business. What are some of the current challenges and opportunities that women face? Marketing agency trends and adapting to them biggest challenge is the digital movement; expectations and pressure related to measuring ROI and spending How to evaluate, identify, and implement tools and technologies for clients; don’t overlook the client’s objective and what they’re trying to do Creating content and related messages, then effectively communicating content through multiple channels that have different parameters Challenges of creating authentic content experiences; voice should match brand Flint’s best strategies to do high-quality work for clients and be a place where people want to work; communication is critical Progress needs to be made regarding concept of women in leadership and business; Women in Business blog series shares lessons and accomplishments Are you a good b*tch, or a bad b*tch? Women don’t always support each other; difficult for women to get leadership position and not be branded a bitch Show support and make an impact via direct conversations to address issues Men just need to ask women to participate, include them, and offer opportunities to express their opinions Women entering the workforce need to pay attention, watch, learn, ask questions, and speak up Links: Flint Group Women in Business Blog Series by Jodi Duncan A Diversity Report for the Advertising/Marketing Industry - And A Call to Action Skype Sheryl Sandberg Write a review on iTunes and send a screenshot of it to receive a cool swag bag! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Jodi Duncan: â€Å"The biggest challengeis the whole digital movement.† â€Å"Content is just a whole other animal. Not only what content you want to get out there and what the messages are, but how do you effectively communicate that content.† â€Å"It’s sort of a battle to get into those leadership positions when the biggest naysayers are other women that you work with. They’re not necessarily your best cheerleaders.†

Understanding Learning through Behaviorism Essay

Understanding Learning through Behaviorism - Essay Example Watson and Thorndike. The last section focuses on the process of how an individual learns a new behavior while following the guidelines of behaviorism. The invention of behavioral psychology or behaviorism came into existence with the experiment conducted by Pavlov on his dog and in this experiment was regarded as classical conditioning. The title of the founding father of behaviorism can easily be awarded to John B. Watson who first came up with the concept of psychological behaviorism. Watson first described the term in an article that was published during the period of 1913 (Smith, 1986, p.61). He stated that those psychologists were not comfortable with the methods of introspection as well as analogy because both these methods were highly biased. He believed that the belief that an individual’s actions are a result of his/her unconscious mind is a superstitious way of studying behavior. After Watson, B.F. Skinner was one of those well-known behaviorists who further explored the field and distributed different ways of studying behaviorism into methodological and radical behaviorism. There are three essential components of behaviorism and these components should exist in order to help individuals and animals learn new behavior. These components include the stimulus (Ogden, 2011). The term stimulus refers to any external object or element in an environment which can cause an individual to act in a certain manner. The second component is the response which basically the actions that humans or animals carry out as a result of being in contact with a particular stimulus. The third components is reinforcement which is the consequence that an individual may experience and this consequence is provided by the reinforce to help strengthen a behavior. One of the most renowned experiments that were conducted in the field of behaviorism based learning was conducted by Ivan Pavlov and his experiment is well recognized as

Testicular tumors- Large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumors Essay

Testicular tumors- Large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumors - Essay Example The sertoli cell tumor is normally malignant and does not spread to the other parts of the body. It is not only seen in human beings but also in species like horses, dogs and ducks. They do not show any symptoms of illness other than a painless lump of mass in the testicals.Under the microscope, sertoli cell tumor display a closely situated solid and hollow tubules lined by epithelial cells. This tumor can be diagnosed with histological and pathological tests. The usually conducted treatment is surgery .For malignant tumors the treatment conducted are chemotherapy and at times radiation therapy. Many a times to detect the tumor in earlier stage repeated physical examination and imaging is required. The prognosis of the tumor which is benign is good as the growth of it is very slow. The History of Sertoli Cell Tumor The discovery of sertoli cell can be accredited to Enrico Sertoli who was just 18 yrs old when he began his studies in research at the university of Pava, in Northern Ital y in 1860.He studied general medical subjects at first and after 2 yrs began his research studies in the laboratory of the distinguished physiologist and histologist, professor Eusobio Oehl. Sertoli was born on June 6, 1842 to a noble family in the small town of Sondrio, located North of Milano along the Italian - Swiss border. His noble birth in all probability meant that he was expected to attend university and study medicine. The cellule ramificate or branched cell was discovered using the personal microscope of Enrico Sertoli. He had purchased the microscope in 1862, after he began his studies under professor Oehl. The quality of the microscope and the personal importance are evident by the care that Sertoli devoted to it, which has permitted its survival for more than 100 years. In anticipation of the microscope’s arrival,Sertoli likely collected several pieces of human testes preserved in a sublimate solution that he later reported as the incubation solution of choice a t that time.Sertoli used several types of preparation of testes, including mocrodissection of individual seminiferous tubules, thin sections of the testis after sublimate incubation, pieces of fresh tissue and frayed sections of tubules.Sertoli has spend numerous hours with the microscope in the laboratory but was skeptical that the testes might have remained in the sublimate solution for longer time which could affect the result. Sertoli performed tests with different methods and improved his observation and laid out different drawings of his findings. In his drawings sertoli included round germ cells, seminiferous cells embedded within the branched cell limbs.Sertoli drew intricate details of what he observed and report lipid droplets in this cell. He mentioned several times that the lipid could exert very important functions in the cell, a function that we still know little about today. He also drew the cell as appearing syncytial or as branched multinucleated cell , which surely raised many questions from students .In the year 1886, Sertoli published his last manuscript which was a breakthrough which suggested the primary role of spermatozoa to reach and fertilize the egg. In 1878 , Sertoli published a statement that the branched cells, which he now called cellule fisse or fixed cells no longer, divided in the adult

Career Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Career Plan - Essay Example There is no better way to learn the ropes than being hands on. 2. Housekeeping Operations Manager, Compass Group – By the time I graduate from college, I would already have the needed 2-year job experience derived from Towne Park as a Guest Service Associated. By this time, I hope to also gain the trust and confidence of my seniors at Towne Park, enough for me to get their endorsement so that I can embark in a career that would allow me to practice my skills and knowledge. It will also help me enhance my management skills. This job should jumpstart a good and solid career and Tourism. Travel and Hospitality Management. B. HOSPITALITY CONCENTRATION I choose International Hospitality Operations Management as my field of concentration as this course would suit bests my personality and interests. I have always been a people-oriented person, interested in studying varied cultures in various settings. My interest in Travel and Tourism will take me to these countries and scenarios, t hereby enabling me not only to master my field of choice but also to practice it in such settings that are unique and with demands of their own. Nothing could be more challenging than adapting to the people, culture and market other than your own. Besides, the promise of being able to travel shall be an add on to the list of experiences that I anticipate to go through. C. INSIGHTS AND PLANS If there is anything that changed in my plans since I took this course, it would be that my desire to finish my course and embark on a career became more intense; much stronger than it was before. The drive to absorb all the concepts has increased, and I think I am more focused on the tasks and challenges ahead of me. There are now cleared visions of the future, with my better understanding of the opportunities unfolding even now as a student. At this point, I have also developed timelines for me to reach my goals after I finish this course. A timeline is very significant for me because that woul d be my gauge as to what my accomplishments already are and what are the needed steps for me to level up. My career goals have really remained the same, but the means to achieve them have significantly changed in such a way that I have become aware of the channels for me to reach them. D. MY GOALS Short term goals: 1. Gain basic experience in hospitality management by enlisting in a part time job/ apprenticeship in a local company. This would add substance to my resume by the time I graduate from college. 2. Enhance my management skills by enrolling in related short term training/ elective courses. This will also help me become an effective manager in the future. 3. Further enhance my communication skills by joining organizations and groups that would allow me to interact with other students, to help me verbalize my thoughts and communicate them effectively. I need to enhance my writing and speech communications skills and the best way to do this is to be with people who have same a spirations. Long Term Goals 1. Get a Masters Degree in Hospitality Management five to seven years from now. A Masters Degree from a good school would ensure me good job prospects and even better opportunities to get job promotions. It would serve as my stepping stone towards a higher career in hospitality management. Furthermore, the training that a Masters Degree offers, will allow me to keep abreast of emerging

What Is Home Depot Commerce Essay

What Is Home Depot Commerce Essay Home Depot is the largest home center chain operating in 2,244 stores throughout the U.S., Mexico, Canada, and  China. Home Depot is considered to be the largest retailer of home improved goods, construction  products and services in the world. It  was founded by Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank in Atlanta in 1979. The Home Depots proposition was to build home-improvement  warehouses, larger than any of their competitors facilities. The store inventory consists of about 40,000 different kinds of building materials, home improvement supplies, appliances and lawn and garden products for the needs of various projects. The Home Depot stores are always equipped with goods that are confined to a small area to match that areas specific market needs. www.homedepot.com is ranked on position 418 within .com and has 5,399 back links. The Site was launched at Tuesday, 04 August 1992. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE BUSINESS MODEL Homedepot.com follows the B2C i.e. Business to consumer model. In B2C transactions, online transactions are made between businesses and individual consumers. B2C E-Commerce involves electronic retailing or e-tailing. At homedepot.com customers can browse catalogs when they want, place an order and the product of service will be delivered directly to them.  It is an online version of the store where customers can shop any hour of day and night without leaving their home and office. The revenue model followed by homedepot.com is sales of goods. Within the e-tailer the type of model used by homedepot.com is Clicks and bricks. It is a business strategy or  business model  in  e-commerce  by which homedepot attempts to integrate both online and physical presences. This model makes it far easier for a homedepot.com to establish an online presence than it is for a start-up company to employ a successful pure dot.com strategy. By using this model homedepot developed certain advantages, such as: Leveraging their  core competency. Multiplying existing  supplier networks distribution channels. A lower cost of capital. THE MARKETPLACE The Home Depot has more than 1950 places across the United States, China, Canada and Mexico.  Home depot stores have an average area of about 105,000 square feet and around 23,000 square feet of area outside of greenery. Inventory consists of different kinds of building materials, home improvement supplies, appliances and lawn and garden products for all of your project needs. The Home Depots retail stores offer skilled customers, like person who can repair and remodel particular services. Through committed service provider desks in more than 1,900 stores, skilled customers have right to use the loyalty programs, a pro bid room to handle large customer orders with volume discounts, directship programs, credit programs and other specialty sales initiatives. Home Depot operates under four different business segments: MARKET STRATEGY The strategic factors that helped in the growth and popularity of home depot are related to quality of product, its price, advertising for the products, store capacity, competitors, and customers independency and happiness. Good quality products are offered by Home Depot like garden supplies, lawn installation services home improvement products, for these products are offered too. Home Depot introduced a trial product store format that presented approx. 32,000 more square feet of selling area, due to which the selection of products and services broadened, also it provided with a more appropriate layout than the long-established stores. Collection of complementary product categories via stores that were designed based on a design centre, which facilitated Home Depot in storing more than 40k products in a year. New stores were brought closer to existing ones by Home Depot via a clustering strategy. An advantage was created by following this strategy via increasing the blockage of entry to competitors reducing rush in the current stores. This strategy also permitted the organisation to enlarge its advertising distribution expenses along a greater store area. Customer Cultivation is regarded as one of the prime strategies implemented by Home Depot. It is the consequence of the prerequisite of elevated qualified and in-store clinics, supportive, professional clinics and employees. An additional approach is centering on widespread announcement. Two years ago, Home Depot spent 895 million dollars on advertisements which accounts for 9.5 % more than its 2007 spending of 817 million dollars. Widespread advertisements provided Home Depot with a personal potential not in favor of remaining companies in the same industry. CUSTOMER VALUE PROPOSITION Customer value proposition  consists of the sum total of benefits which the firm   promises a  customer  will receive in return for the customers associated payment. Customer value proposition is specifically targeted to attract new potential customers instead of employees, partners or supplies.  It is a statement that is designed to convince customers that one particular product or service will add more value or better solve a problem than others in its competitive set. home depot provides a broad selection of quality products and services. Home Depot has the widest range of products, which are rated below rival market. They hire trades professionals so that the customer gets expert advice. Because of the technical support and better customer service the store has shown results which are unmatched in the business. As it is said, it is the good incident that brings the customer once more and its the word of mouth that brings other new customers, hence, customer satisfaction is one of the most important policy followed by company. Home depot selects very customer friendly oriented people. To improve the customer experience following steps is taken up by the company: Stores are getting modernize so that the perception of home depot is improved before the customer. In order to improve the customer service, a 24 hour hotline is being introduced. In order to improve customer service at Home Depot stores a new employee incentive program has been developed. REVENUE MODEL Estimated 20,068,000 visits over last 30 days. This Google Page Rank 7/10 website has a Traffic Estimate rank of 288.   homedepot.com is worth  $3,759,165. This makes homedepot.com the  93  most valuable site on Stimator.com. Home Depots first quarter  in 2010 is $725 million, up from $514 million a year earlier. Net sales  for the period  increased 4.3%  to $16.9 billion. Similar store sales increased 4.8%  company-wide for the period. COMPETITORS In the home improvement industry the main competitor of home depot  is  Lowes Companies (LOW). Home Depot leads in terms of sales revenue which is $66.2 billion and that of Lowes is $47.2 billion. Other competitors of home depot are Home Improvement Stores, Sears, Menard Inc., True Value Company.   Home Depot also faces competition from smaller independent stores. Builders First Source (BLDR), a company that manufactures structural and related building products for new construction. The advantage which Home Depot has against the smaller competitors is that in case of an economic downfall, it will be prevailing and thus taking back the old customers which were attracted to these small competitors earlier. C:UserscompaqDesktopmenard.jpg C:UserscompaqDesktoplowes.jpg COMPARITIVE ADVANTAGE Home Depot is financially better placed than Sears and Lowes. Home Depot maintains its strong price positioning and improves customer service and product quality.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because of this reason home depot enjoys a competitive edge over Sears and lowes. The second competitive advantage for home depot is Menards products are perceived to be lower in quality than those of Home Depot even when the price for both are similar.  Ã‚  For the Quality of the products that it carries, Menards should not want to increase the price of its products. Another property that gives homedepot the competitive edge is differentiation. Home Depot has product differentiation as well as image differentiation. This provides a competitive edge over both Lowes and Sears. The Home Depot has essentially identified its two main market segments: The do-it-yourself (DIY) home improvement consumer and The professional business customer. CONCLUSION We have seen that how a b2c site (homedepot.com) operates. What is the business model behind the operation of home depot? It has helped customer to do shopping for the desired product by sitting at home/office and making payment on delivery by credit/debit card. The home depot is the market leader in the segment of home improvement retailing, much ahead of its competitors. The main reason of its competitive advantage is good quality, lowest prices and customer satisfaction. APPENDIX TABLE 1 DIRECT COMPETITOR COMPARISON homedepot Low PVT1 PVT2 Industry Market Cap: 47.47B 30.17B N/A N/A 30.17B Employees: 193,370 166,000 40,3001 3,0002 166.00K Quarterly Rev Growth 4.30% 4.70% N/A N/A 2.90% Revenue 66.86B 47.78B 7.90B1 2.01B2 47.78B Gross Margin 33.75% 34.80% N/A N/A 34.80% EBITDA 6.73B 4.98B N/A N/A 4.98B Operating Margin 7.38% 6.81% N/A N/A 7.47% Net Income 2.83B 1.78B N/A 64.20M2 N/A LOW  = Lowes Companies Inc. Pvt1  =  Menard, Inc.  (privately held) Pvt2  =  True Value Company  (privately held) Industry  = Home Improvement Stores 1  =  As of 2009  Ã‚  2  =  As of 2008  Ã‚   TABLE 2: Comparison of Major Warehouse Format Home Centers Store Attributes Attribute/Company HomeDepot HechingerHQ Builders SquareHomebase Store Count 174 30 144 73 Square Feet/Unit(000) 94 86 84 113 Sales/Square Foot $348.00 $224.00 $171.80 $169.90 FIG1 DAILY TRAFFIC TREND FOR homedepot.com FIG2 UNIQUE VISITORS FOR homedepot.com